Introduction

In today's digital era, the development of wireless network technology is advancing rapidly. As the core device of home and enterprise networks, routers play a crucial role in ensuring efficient and stable network connections. The performance improvement of routers is of great significance for maintaining such connections. In recent years, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology has gradually emerged with its unique advantages and started to be applied in the field of routers, bringing new opportunities for the functional expansion and performance optimization of routers.

Overview of UWB Technology
UWB, or Ultra-Wideband technology, is a wireless carrier communication technology that uses non-sinusoidal narrow pulses in the range of nanoseconds to picoseconds to transmit data. Unlike traditional wireless communication technologies, UWB does not use a sinusoidal carrier to modulate the signal. Instead, it transmits information by sending and receiving pulses with a width of nanoseconds or even narrower. This gives UWB a series of remarkable characteristics.
UWB has an extremely high bandwidth, with its operating frequency range typically between 3.1GHz and 10.6GHz, and the bandwidth is not less than 500MHz. Such a wide bandwidth endows UWB with excellent data transmission capabilities, supporting a transmission speed of up to 110MB/s. This has great advantages in scenarios such as the home wireless consumer market and can easily meet the applications with high bandwidth requirements, such as digital photography and audio streaming.
The positioning accuracy of UWB is remarkable, reaching the centimeter level. The distance testing accuracy can reach 10 - 30cm, and the measurable range can reach up to 100 meters. This high-precision positioning capability is difficult to achieve for other common wireless technologies such as WIFI and Bluetooth. Due to its extremely high operating frequency and extremely low duty cycle, UWB has a high resolution. The multipath signals of narrow pulses are not easy to overlap in time, and it is easy to separate the multipath components, thus making full use of the energy of the transmitted signal to achieve accurate positioning and ranging.
In addition, the spectrum of UWB is very wide, and the energy density is very low, which makes the information transmission highly secure. At the same time, UWB devices have very low interference with other devices. Its characteristics of low power consumption and low cost also make large-scale applications possible.

Application Advantages of UWB Modules in the Field of Routers

Precise Positioning Services
Traditional routers are mainly used for network data forwarding and distribution. After integrating the UWB module, routers are equipped with a powerful positioning function. In a home environment, users can use this feature to easily find various smart devices connected to the network. For example, when smart devices such as smartwatches and smart speakers are lost in a corner of the room, through the corresponding application on the mobile phone and with the help of the UWB positioning function of the router, the exact location of the device can be quickly determined, greatly improving the efficiency of finding items.
In an enterprise office environment, the UWB module can be used for asset tracking and personnel management. Important enterprise assets such as laptops and tablets, if equipped with UWB-enabled tags, through the positioning system of the router, managers can know the location of the assets in real-time and prevent asset loss. For employees, in some large office areas, UWB positioning can help employees quickly find meeting rooms, colleagues, etc., optimizing the office process and improving work efficiency.

Enhanced Network Coverage and Signal Stability
The introduction of UWB technology helps to improve the signal coverage and stability of routers. Since UWB signals have strong penetration capabilities, they can better pass through walls, obstacles, etc., reducing signal attenuation. In some complex building structures, the signals of traditional routers may be blocked, resulting in dead zones. However, routers integrated with UWB modules can use UWB signals to supplement the coverage of these areas, ensuring that the entire space can obtain a stable network signal.
For example, in multi-story buildings or large villas, signal transmission between different floors and rooms often faces challenges. The UWB module can work in conjunction with traditional WIFI signals. WIFI is responsible for the basic coverage of a large area, while UWB provides precise coverage for areas where signals are difficult to reach. The two complement each other, providing users with a seamless network experience.

Optimization of High-Speed Data Transmission
With the continuous popularity of applications with extremely high network bandwidth requirements, such as 4K videos and online games, users have put forward higher requirements for the data transmission speed of routers. The high-speed transmission characteristics of UWB modules can significantly improve the data transmission capabilities of routers. In a home network, when multiple devices are simultaneously performing operations such as high-definition video playback and large file downloads, the UWB module can share part of the data transmission tasks and work in conjunction with the traditional WIFI frequency band to avoid network congestion, ensuring that each device can obtain sufficient bandwidth and achieve smooth data transmission.
In an enterprise network, for some business scenarios that require real-time transmission of a large amount of data, such as video conferences and fast reading and writing of data in cloud storage, the UWB module can improve the efficiency of data transmission, reduce latency, and enhance the office efficiency and business response speed of the enterprise.

Practical Application Cases
In 2024, the three largest router manufacturers in the world released Wi-Fi 7-based EAP (Enterprise Access Point) routers, which integrated UWB functions. For EAP router suppliers, the EAP routers integrated with UWB can use their ranging and angle measurement functions to automatically display their own positions on the map, thus eliminating the map mapping step in the router deployment process and greatly simplifying the deployment process.
For end-users, Wi-Fi routers integrated with UWB bring technical support in more dimensions. By combining UWB's UL-TDoA and 360° AoA technologies, users can achieve asset tracking with centimeter-level accuracy. In a large warehouse, by deploying routers integrated with UWB modules, managers can accurately grasp the location and movement of inventory goods in real-time, improving the efficiency and accuracy of inventory management.
With the help of DL-TDoA technology, indoor navigation can be achieved in the EAP network. In some large shopping malls or hospitals, customers and patients can use the UWB positioning and navigation functions of the router through mobile applications to quickly find the stores or departments they want to go to, enhancing the service experience. UWB radar technology can be used to perform presence detection tasks. In a smart home scenario, when someone enters the room, the router detects the presence of the human body through the UWB radar and automatically controls the turning on or adjustment of devices such as lights and air conditioners, achieving intelligent home control.

Development Challenges and Prospects
Although UWB modules have shown great potential in the field of routers, their current applications still face some challenges. On the one hand, the standards of UWB technology have not been fully unified, and there may be problems in the interconnection and interoperability of devices from different manufacturers, which limits the large-scale promotion of UWB modules in the field of routers. On the other hand, the cost of UWB modules is relatively high, which affects to a certain extent the popularization speed of UWB modules in the consumer-grade router market.
However, with the continuous development and maturity of technology, these problems are expected to be solved. In the future, as the UWB technology standards are gradually unified, routers and UWB devices of different brands will be able to work together better, enabling a wider range of application scenarios. At the same time, with the expansion of the industry scale and the progress of technology, the cost of UWB modules will gradually decrease, allowing them to be more widely applied to various types of routers, gradually spreading from high-end enterprise-level routers to ordinary home routers.
It can be predicted that in the near future, routers integrated with UWB modules will become the mainstream products in the market, bringing users a more intelligent, efficient, and convenient network experience. Whether in smart home control, smart office optimization, or in the fields of smart factories, smart logistics, etc., the combination of UWB modules and routers will play an important role, promoting the further development of the Internet of Things industry and opening a new era of intelligent interconnection.